In my opinion, both custodial and non-custodial accounts lose 5% each year due criminal attacks or mishandling. The problem is always people messing it up, but the reasoning and the mechanisms are different.
The FreeLunchTrading “Layer 1 10x” index tracks foundational assets in the crypto ecosystem by investing in the largest base settlement and smart contract networks. Each asset offers unique advantages in processing speed, data structures, consensus, and client software which optimizes them for certain users or industries. L1-10x contains some of the top ranking eligible constituents of FreeLunchTrading’s indexes, meaning they are regulatory compliant, meet liquidity requirements, and have strong historical data.
Here is an annual report by the crypto arm of Andreeson Horowitz, A16z. The report has a lot of interesting charts and covers Web3, market cycles, Layer 1 and Layer 2 networks, DeFi, and metaverse/NFTs. The report even mentions DAOs and how they are starting for form organizations. Interesting to hear these ideas addressed by one of the biggest investment firms.
Here is an extensive comparison of the Layer 1 Networks published by The Block Research and funded by Algorand. This report is a deep dive into the competition of Layer 1 network, the problems that the leader Ethereum is facing, and how other networks are addressing these problems.